Which of the following is NOT considered an act of insurance fraud?

An act of insurance fraud is an intentional deception to obtain undeserved benefits or advantage. Paying a claim twice, falsifying policy applications, and overbilling for services rendered all involve dishonest or deceitful behavior for financial gain, thus making them acts of insurance fraud. However, collecting less insurance charge than required is not considered an act of insurance fraud since it does not involve deceptive or fraudulent behavior. It may be considered a mistake or an act of negligence, but not insurance fraud.